Hearings to examine reviewing recent events at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and implications for children's health

Health Care Costs and Drug PricingSenate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions · 2025-09-17 · 119th Congress
The Senate HELP Committee held this hearing to examine why Dr. Begins at 0:18:52
Transcript
Highlights

Title

Firing of CDC Director Susan Monarez and vaccine policy fallout

Purpose

The Senate HELP Committee held this hearing to examine why Dr. Susan Monarez, the first Senate-confirmed CDC Director, was fired just 29 days into her tenure, and why Dr. Debra Houry, the CDC's chief medical officer, resigned soon after. Chair Cassidy framed the hearing as an exercise in "radical transparency" invoked by President Trump, while both witnesses alleged Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. demanded blanket pre-approval of vaccine advisory recommendations and the firing of career scientists without cause. The hearing occurred the day before a reconstituted Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) meeting on childhood vaccine schedules. Begins at0:18:52

Who spoke

Chair Bill Cassidy (R-LA)0:18:52: Opened by framing the hearing around "radical transparency" and questioned why Monarez, praised by Kennedy at her swearing-in, was fired weeks later0:21:13; later pressed Monarez on the number and content of her August 25 meetings with Kennedy0:49:14 and questioned Houry on how the ACIP agenda is set by political staff0:53:28.

Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-VT), Ranking Member0:24:31: Argued Monarez was fired for refusing to rubber-stamp ACIP recommendations and refusing to fire career scientists0:26:16; cited major medical groups' consensus that vaccines are safe and effective0:28:45, and warned of unpreparedness for a future pandemic0:30:10.

Dr. Susan Monarez, former CDC Director0:33:17: Testified Kennedy demanded she pre-approve all forthcoming ACIP recommendations regardless of evidence and fire career vaccine officials, or resign0:37:08; said Kennedy told her he had already spoken to the White House about removing her0:38:06 and directed her to meet with attorney Aaron Siri0:51:51; said Kennedy told her CDC had never collected safety/efficacy data yet still wanted the schedule changed0:52:53.

Dr. Debra Houry, former CDC Chief Medical Officer0:42:29: Said she resigned because CDC leaders were reduced to "rubberstamps" for policies not based in science0:43:16; said she learned of the new COVID vaccine guidance from a Kennedy social media post, not from data0:46:17; cited a 60% drop in global flu sample submissions and 70% drop in COVID samples since U.S. withdrawal from WHO cooperation0:45:172:15:39.

Sen. Rand Paul (R-KY)0:59:37: Pressed Monarez on whether COVID vaccines prevent transmission or reduce hospitalization/death in children, arguing the data is inconclusive1:00:021:01:12; challenged the medical rationale for a birth-dose hepatitis B vaccine when the mother tests negative1:04:04.

Sen. Patty Murray (D-WA)1:06:01: Highlighted a constituent nurse turned away from pharmacies after the COVID guidance change1:06:01; established that neither witness has seen scientific evidence supporting changes to childhood vaccine ages under ACIP consideration1:07:45.

Sen. Susan Collins (R-ME)1:11:22: Walked through Monarez's account of the August 25 meeting where Kennedy allegedly demanded blanket approval of new ACIP members' recommendations1:13:21; asked how the measles outbreak response differed from prior outbreaks under Kennedy1:15:40.

Sen. Tammy Baldwin (D-WI)1:18:54: Noted Kennedy told Monarez never to speak to Congress again about her concerns1:18:41; cited 36 measles cases in Wisconsin, mostly in unvaccinated children1:21:02.

Sen. Roger Marshall (R-KS)1:22:25: Questioned Monarez about remote work policies and office reassignments for political appointees1:22:31; argued her position that "every child needs every vaccine" reflects a philosophy at odds with Kennedy's and suggested she may not have been the right fit1:25:34.

Sen. Maggie Hassan (D-NH)1:50:03: Had Monarez recount Kennedy calling CDC "the most corrupt federal agency" and alleging CDC "told hospitals to turn away sick COVID patients until they had blue lips"1:53:16; confirmed Kennedy never expressed condolences for the shooting victim or measles deaths during the meeting1:55:13.

Sen. Tommy Tuberville (R-AL)1:58:34: Asked whether Monarez removed or undermined Trump-appointed political leadership at CDC; she said no1:58:43.

Sen. Chris Murphy (D-CT)2:00:18: Established there is no precedent for dismissing an entire vaccine advisory board or requiring a CDC director to clear personnel/policy decisions with political staff2:00:48; had Houry describe CDC scientists now hiding their names from ACIP presentations out of fear of being targeted2:04:33.

Sen. Jim Banks (R-IN)2:05:08: Questioned Monarez extensively about her decision to retain attorney Mark Zaid, noting his prior anti-Trump political activity2:07:36.

Sen. Angus King (I-ME)2:34:21: Apologized for voting against Monarez's confirmation, saying he was wrong2:34:50; pressed her on being instructed not to speak to senators despite being Senate-confirmed2:35:20; detailed Virginia's costly measles contact-tracing response and $425 million in rescinded HHS public health funding2:36:462:38:13.

Sen. Bill Hagerty (R-TN)2:39:37: Questioned the timeline of when Monarez retained counsel and accused her of evasiveness, calling it "an honesty issue"2:40:352:44:26.

Sen. John Barrasso (R-WY)3:05:16: Asked Monarez what rationale Kennedy gave for firing career scientists and whether other HHS agencies received similar directives3:05:38; closed with an extended personal statement, identifying himself as a hepatologist, defending the hepatitis B birth-dose vaccine with historical infection-rate data3:13:30.

Sen. Ashley Moody (R-FL)2:16:46: Pressed Monarez to name the attorneys seated behind her assisting with testimony, eventually obtaining the names Abbe Lowell and Mark Zaid from Houry2:20:26.

Sen. Lisa Blunt Rochester (D-DE)2:23:23: Questioned who provides scientific/institutional expertise at CDC now that career officials have been sidelined, and confirmed roughly 80% of remaining leadership positions are held by political appointees2:33:18.

Sen. Andy Kim (D-NJ)2:59:18: Asked about the plan to keep firing deputies until finding someone compliant with Kennedy's demands2:59:36; had Monarez name attendees of the August 25 meeting, including Jim O'Neill, Matt Buckham, Stephanie Spear, and Ken Callahan3:02:05.

Key moments

Monarez testified that on August 25, Kennedy told her to commit in advance to approving every ACIP recommendation and to fire career vaccine-policy officials without cause, or resign, and said he had "already spoken with the White House several times about having me removed"0:37:080:38:06.

Monarez said Kennedy acknowledged CDC "has never collected the science or the data" on childhood vaccine safety yet still expected the schedule changed0:52:530:53:07.

Monarez said Kennedy directed her to meet with attorney Aaron Siri, whom she identified as the person who had publicly suggested getting rid of the polio vaccine0:51:510:52:07.

Houry testified she first learned of the changed COVID vaccine guidance from a Kennedy social media post, and that CDC scientists still have not seen the data justifying it0:46:17.

Monarez quoted Kennedy calling CDC "the most corrupt federal agency in the world," saying CDC employees "were killing children and they don't care" and were "bought by the pharmaceutical industry," and alleging CDC told hospitals to turn away COVID patients "until they had blue lips"1:53:161:53:48.

Sen. Banks pressed Monarez repeatedly on her retention of attorney Mark Zaid, noting his history of anti-Trump activity including involvement in Trump's first impeachment2:07:12.

Chair Cassidy entered into the record a Washington Post report of an HHS chief-of-staff email to Monarez stating "political leadership should have eyes on the decisions for approval changes before they go into effect"1:59:34.

Sen. King raised the existence of an alleged recording of the August 25 meeting between Kennedy and Monarez and called for its release under "radical transparency"2:57:192:58:16.

Monarez said Kennedy told her the childhood vaccine schedule "needed changing starting in September" and that he spoke to President Trump about it "every day"0:51:030:51:18.

Houry testified that experts have stopped presenting their own names at ACIP meetings out of fear of being personally targeted amid rising threats following the CDC shooting2:04:26.

Metadata

CommitteeSenate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions
Chamber / CongressSenate · 119th Congress
Date2025-09-17
TypeMeeting
Witnesses
(none listed in event metadata)
Videosenate-isvp
Transcript529 caption blocks · 19,365 words · 3:18:02 runtime
EventCongress.gov 337425